Contents

1. Acknowledgments

2. Accessibility

3. OER Adoption Form

4. I. The Great Conversation

   1. Thinking About the World

   2. The First Flowerings of Philosophy

   3. Greek Thought

   4. Indian Thought

   5. Chinese Thought

   6. Medieval Thinking

   7. A Renaissance in Thinking

   8. The Scientific Revolution

   9. Summary

   10. References

5. II. Demon-Haunted Worlds

   1. Introduction

   2. Absolute Knowledge

   3. Analytic vs. Synthetic

   4. Formal vs. Empirical Sciences

   5. Two Questions of Absolute Knowledge

   6. Fallibilism

   7. Summary

   8. References

6. V. The Scientific Method

   1. Introduction

   2. The Scientific Method

   3. Designing a Research Study

   4. Experimental vs. Non-Experimental Research

   5. Conclusion

   6. References

7. VI. Descriptive Research

   1. Introduction

   2. Qualitative Research

   3. Observational Research

   4. Case Studies

   5. Archival Research

   6. Summary

   7. References

8. VII. Correlations

   1. Introduction

   2. Correlations as Non-Experimental Research

   3. Correlational Research

   4. Correlation Does Not Imply Causation

   5. Summary

   6. References

9. VIII. Experiments

   1. Experimental Research

   2. What Is an Experiment?

   3. Treatment and Control Conditions

   4. Experimental Design

   5. Experimentation and Validity

   6. Practical Considerations

   7. Summary

   8. References

10. IX. Interpreting Evidence

    1. Describing Single Variables

    2. Measures of Central Tendency and Variability

    3. Describing Statistical Relationships

    4. Presenting Descriptive Statistics in Writing

    5. Conclusion

    6. References

11. X. Peer Review

    1. Reporting Research

    2. The Replication Crisis

    3. Solutions to the Problem

    4. Conclusion

    5. References

12. XI. Cult Classics

    1. The Many Varieties of Conformity

    2. Obedience and Power

    3. Conclusion

    4. References

13. Adoption Form

14. Version History

15. TRU Open Education Resource Error Form